ABSTRACT
Background: NSAIDs are the common group of drugs used in self-medication, and this is true for especiallyParacetamol (acetaminophen).Although considered safe at therapeutic doses, in overdose, paracetamol causescentrilobular hepatic necrosis which can be fatal. As no data is available on the hepatoprotective effect ofCostus pictus D Don, we have made an attempt to investigate the protective effect of Costus pictus D Don leafextract on paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. The aim of the study is to compare the hepatoprotectiveeffect of methanolic leaf extract of Costus pictus D Don and silymarin on liver damage induced by paracetamolin Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: 30 Healthy male adult Wistar rats (16 weeks old) weighing > 250g were used for thestudy. The animals were maintained in a standard cage under controlled temperature (25+2 °C) and light (12:12light-dark cycle) in MGMC & RI central animal house. The animals were fed with standard rat pellet and hygienicwater ad libitum. 30 adult Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups with 6 rats each as (Normal control -0.5%carboxymethylcellulose (7 days), Toxic control- 0.5% (7 days)+paracetamol 2g/kg(5th day), Test group I-200 mg/kg methanolic leaf extract+paracetamol 2g/kg(5th day) , Test group II-100 mg/kg methanolic leafextract+paracetamol 2g/kg(5th day) & Standard group - silymarin 25mg/kg (7 days) + Paracetamol 2 g/kg (5th day)The animals were sacrificed on 8th day using sodium pentobarbitone 150mg/kg i.p. serum was sent for biochemicalanalysis for liver function test. Liver was harvested and a portion was taken for histological examination.Results: In our study methanolic leaf extract of Costus pictus D Don showed beneficial effect on paracetamolinduced liver toxicity which was evident by the significant improvement in liver function test consisting of AST,ALT and ALP in a dose dependent manner which is in consistent with the histological findings.Conclusions: The study has proved the methanolic leaf extract of Costus pictus D Don posses a significanthepatoprotective activity which was comparable to the standard drug silymarin
ABSTRACT
Anesthesiologists are in search for new drugs possessing properties like rapid onset of action, minimal residual effects, better hemodynamic stability, organ independent metabolism and cost effective. Structural alterations of the currently available compounds or newer formulations of the older ones or newer anaesthetic drug delivery system will be an useful alternative to newer discovery by reducing the cost and time. Tapentadol is a centrally acting µ opioid receptor (MOR) agonist with selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibition, approved by US FDA for treating moderate to severe acute pain in adults more than 18 years of age. Sugammadex, a novel selective relaxant binding agent to reverse steroidal neuromuscular blockers is recently approved by the European Union. Gantacurium, a rapid and ultra short acting non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, inactivated rapidly by the adduction of non essential amino acid cysteine to the gantacurium molecule is in clinical trials. Remimazolam is a new drug in clinical trials that has a rapid onset of action like midazolam and is metabolized by non specific tissue esterases like remifentanil and expected to have a promising future. Liposomal Bupivacaine is approved by FDA in October 2011 that uses bupivacaine in liposomal vesicles to extend the duration of analgesia upto 72 hours and reduces the opioid use in the post operative period. Methoxy carbonyl carboetomidate is in clinical trials that combines the advantages of MOC etomidate and carboetomidate. Hence anaesthesiology is marching towards a bright pathway with new soft drugs coming up making not only anaesthesiology soft but also pharmacology.